Glossary
Term |
Definition |
|---|---|
| Participant observation |
In observational research, the observer becomes an active participant in the research setting. |
| Population |
The entire group of people, events or situations which is of interest in the research. As it is usual not possible to gather data from every member of a population (though see Census), a sample has to be drawn. |
| Post-test |
Research undertaken following the introduction of the independent variable (e.g. after the intervention or treatment has occurred). |
| Pre-test |
Research undertaken prior to the introduction of the independent variable (e.g. after the intervention or treatment has occurred). |
| Predictive validity |
The ability of a tool or instrument to predict a future state on some external criterion (e.g. how well a test taken at a job interview will predict how well a candidate will perform when doing the job). |
| Primary research |
New research undertaken by the researcher which involves gathering and analysing new data. |
| Probability sample |
A sample that has been selected using a random sampling procedure. In this type of sampling every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. |